The Hilbert block in GNU Radio creates an analytic signal from a real-valued one by applying the Hilbert transform to create the Q (imaginary, quadrature) component.
The Complex to Mag block then discards the phase information in that analytic signal, keeping only the amplitude. Generally speaking, this is AM demodulation. This further agrees with your Add Const later on which is subtracting the offset resulting from the carrier.
Since you're then taking the output of that as the digital signal, it would be called amplitude shift keying (ASK) rather than AM. If the lower amplitude is in fact zero (I can't tell from the flow graph), then you have on-off keying (OOK).
Assuming it's OOK, the corresponding modulator would be a kHz signal source multiplied by your (repeated to have more than one sample-per-symbol) data bits.
This would then go into the opposite of a Quadrature Demod, which is a VCO. (No conversions to complex are needed.)
This combination of OOK with an audio-frequency carrier put into another modulator is commonly known as MCW (modulated continuous wave), though the term is more often used in the context of Morse code signals than other digital signals.