SINCE ALL ANTENNAS REQUIRE A GROUNDSince all antennas require a ground, REFERENCE OR OTHERWISEreference or otherwise, THERE ARE TWO POLES FOR THEIR OPERATIONthere are two poles for their operation. FOR A MAGMOUNTFor a mag mount, THE CAR BODY IS THE REFERENCE GROUNDthe car body is the reference ground. A VERTICAL CANNOT OPERATE WITHOUT A GROUND OR REFERENCE GROUND A vertical cannot operate without a ground or reference ground. IN REALITY In reality, A VERTICAL "MONOPOLE" USES CAPACITIVE COUPLING WHEN IT IS MOUNTED ON AN INSULATORa vertical "monopole" uses capacitive coupling when it is mounted on an insulator. MONOPOLES USE THE "MIRROR IMAGE PROVIDED BY THE GROUND TO OPERATE Monopoles use the "mirror image" provided by the ground to operate. AS A CLARIFICATION As a clarification, IMAGINE A SATELLITE'S ANTENNAimagine a satellite's antenna. THE CASE The case, OR HOUSING BECOMES THE GROUNDor housing becomes the ground, AGAIN A "REFERENCE" GROUNDagain a "reference" ground. IN CASES WHERE THE CASE IS NOT USED In cases where the case is not used, THE R.F. NEGATIVE PORTION OF A CIRCUIT BOARD BECOMES THE REFERENCEthe RF-negative portion of a circuit board becomes the reference. SINCE TWO THINGS ARE NECESSARY TO RADIATE A SIGNAL Since two things are necessary to radiate a signal, DOESN'T THAT MAKE A DIPOLEdoesn't that make a dipole?