Questions tagged [propagation]
Questions about RF propagation including measurements, beacons, modes (ionospheric, tropospheric, ground wave), etc.
129
questions
9
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5answers
2k views
Non-traceable radio emitters
There are various techniques for locating a radio emitter. But what are some methods to make this really difficult? There is usually a patch to every vulnerability, at least from the world where I ...
-1
votes
1answer
129 views
Transmit data over HF signal 10,000km away [closed]
I would like to transmit trinary data (-1,0,+1) on 20-30m wave to be received 10,000km away. From Europe to US.
My first thought was this: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Burst-modulation-mode-f-...
1
vote
3answers
121 views
Long range HF polarization
Is it possible to polarize HF signal (20-30m) at long range (thousands of km)?
It was commented in my over questions that polarization is not feasible at long range. However in this article is ...
1
vote
2answers
58 views
Hexbeam receiving in other directions
Have a K4KIO Hexbeam up at around 20-feet on the corner of a flat metal roof pointing at 290-degrees bearing (Europe, from Sydney Australia). Currently the Hexbeam is fixed to that direction as i don'...
0
votes
4answers
197 views
Send on-off radio signal 5,000km
I remember long range radio stations which still worked 30yrs ago. I could listen to the whole Europe. I also think I saw movies where radio enthusiasts could talk all over the world..
I never looked ...
4
votes
3answers
71 views
What kind of antenna for an automatic high bands monitoring station?
I would like to monitor NCDXF beacons, and WSPR. What kind of antenna would be good for reception in the bands of 6, 10, 12, 15, 17 and 20M?
Some antennas I considered:
A trapped dipole, with traps ...
1
vote
2answers
72 views
What is the best time of day to contact Japan from the east coast?
What are the best times in early April to contact Japan on 40M and 20M from Pennsylvania?
0
votes
2answers
64 views
Loop on ground for transmit?
If a large horizontal loop antenna, insulated but laying at ground level, works as an MF and low HF receive antenna, why (even though it has very high ground losses) can't it be used for transmit (to ...
3
votes
2answers
195 views
What is the radiation pattern of an ~60 foot end fed wire antenna used for 40 meters?
I live in a retirement center. The rule here is “Never do anything anywhere at anytime.” That translates to “No Antennas” which I have been told means I can put out an antenna as long as it is ...
5
votes
1answer
141 views
Looking for a book that contained a circuit for receiving (literally) underground amateur radio transmissions
In this comment in Earth Science SE I've said:
This is a really cool question! I remember (a long time ago) reading about electromagnetic waves inside conductive soil that travelled near but below ...
3
votes
2answers
294 views
How to determine frequency and launch angle given a target skip distance?
I would like to communicate with someone 1000 miles (1600 km) away. I'm not sure how to target a specific distance.
(image source)
I assume it's an interrelation of the following factors:
Which ...
4
votes
1answer
86 views
What gain and power are required for successful DX contacts on 2m/70cm bands in CW?
I would like to practice in CW on 2m/70cm bands when and if there will be a tropospheric or sporadic-E propagation. However I don't have mush space for the antenna. There is a possibility to install 3+...
1
vote
0answers
64 views
HF propagation prediction using machine learning
Anyone out there know of or developed s/w to predict HF conditions using ML?
4
votes
1answer
127 views
Using shortwave communication, how difficult is it to transmit messages from the UK to the US?
Is it possible to transmit a short message across the Atlantic ocean from the UK to the US via shortwave? From what I understand, long-distance shortwave communication has lower bandwidth than other ...
0
votes
1answer
86 views
If i transmit on the same frequency using two separate transmitters joined together will they both add up in a reciever to produce a stronger signal? [duplicate]
If i were to use a passive transmit coupler to connect two transmitters of equal power output to the same antenna, and connect one microphone to both transmitters, and then transmit on both at the ...
4
votes
2answers
108 views
What causes the light and dark bands (of background noise) in an HF waterfall display?
While monitoring the 40-meter band (among others) throughout a typical day/night as propagation changes I have noticed there are often bands of very low noise (black area) and others with much higher ...
3
votes
2answers
85 views
What is really happening during RF ionospheric refraction?
We all know that the ionosphere — when charged — refracts RF energy, but why? In other words, what is actually occurring at a molecular level to cause radio waves to bend back to earth because of ...
10
votes
6answers
212 views
Practical limits to maintaining coherence in an HF channel
Lately I've been thinking about weak signal communication on HF. Very weak, like weaker than even WSPR could achieve.
It would be nice if one could simply take any existing modulation and slow it ...
0
votes
1answer
115 views
Vertical Antennas
I have just changed from a ground mounted Vertical antenna , to a MFJ-1796 Vertical antenna, due to not having big enough ground to bury as many verticals
as recommended. So far what I have found is ...
2
votes
1answer
57 views
Propagation Analysis with WSPR / RBN
I would like to analyze data from the Weak Signal Propagation Reporter (WSPR) and/or the Reverse Beacon Network to understand the propagation mode(s) of the recent welcome spate of CW and SSB contacts ...
2
votes
2answers
863 views
What is this burst transmission sequence across the entire band?
Fairly regularly on the 40m band I hear a quick blip of a tone, and when I look at the waterfall I see these brief transmissions all across the band that look like little dots. What is causing that?
6
votes
2answers
71 views
Propagation effects of noctilucent clouds
I know auroras are a propagation mode, but I was wondering with the recent outburst of noctilucent clouds (as reported on www.space.com) brings with it any interesting propagation modes, either on HF ...
2
votes
2answers
148 views
Restricted line-of-sight communication
Why do line of sight communication links have a restricted range for a given tower height? Is it only because of the Earth's Curvature?
5
votes
5answers
773 views
Loop antenna layout and radiation?
I've got, for the near term, limited resources to put up an HF antenna at my home. One of the options I can manage without excessive cost is a loop, which would enclose the house. I need to transmit ...
3
votes
3answers
138 views
Given the classical top down view, what does a bottom up view of RF waves look like?
Quote from Wikipedia, Photons: "Nevertheless, all semiclassical theories were refuted definitively in the 1970s and 1980s by photon-correlation experiments. Hence, Einstein's hypothesis that ...
3
votes
3answers
197 views
Line of sight from geographic/map data?
I have line of sight issues with repeaters I want/need to use (it's a repeater network my club uses). One of the options that might be available to me is to install a "passive repeater" in a location ...
3
votes
2answers
126 views
Is there a trick for reaching a repeater “through” terrain?
I live in a draw, well below local average ground level. There are two repeaters I want to be able to use (because they're in the network my club uses). One is in the 440 band, thirty miles away but ...
3
votes
1answer
945 views
How can I be sure I'm actually hitting the repeater?
I'm just starting to use 2m and 70cm bands, which normally use repeaters to extend range beyond a mile or two (limited mostly by line of sight, as I understand it).
When I'm at home, however, I'm not ...
4
votes
1answer
90 views
High-resolution GIS datasets of groundwave conductivity of the United States, besides the FCC?
The FCC publishes a map of estimated groundwave conductivity of the United States, but the resolution is quite low:
Are there any GIS datasets that include groundwave conductivity at a higher ...
3
votes
1answer
2k views
Where does the year 2019 fall in the sunspot cycle for HF propagation?
I am reposting this question about the year 2016 here. This is 2019.
Are we now at the good or bad portion of the 11 years cycle?
What effect are we seeing now?
How large (strong/deep) is the effect ...
8
votes
4answers
359 views
Better explanation for beyond-line-of-sight VHF signal reach than “lower curvature to radio waves”
I am currently studying for the Technician Exam and have come across an answer to a question I think is ridiculous. The question is:
Why do VHF/UHF signals usually travel somewhat farther than ...
5
votes
4answers
2k views
How far do radio waves travel?
I have read that radio waves just keep traveling but the signal gets weaker because of how the wave spreads. OK, I get this, but what confuses me is that satellites emit signals from space that our ...
5
votes
1answer
471 views
Why are the lower HF frequencies not working during winter day time?
Currently my location is Nepal. We use the ICOM f-7000 radios without the antenna tuner. We use the frequencies round about 5-9 MHz, for communication over distances between 150 and 400 km.
During ...
1
vote
1answer
77 views
Why does signal power drop every night?
I have been monitoring power of a P25 control channel (at about 850MHz). For awhile, 24 hours a day. I graphed the power over a couple of weeks and it is almost sinusoidal, decreasing significantly ...
5
votes
1answer
623 views
Do short waves pass through or reflect off concrete buildings?
I live in Moscow, Russia and use DIY indoor magnetic loop antennas to listen amateur radio. Recently I received quite strong signals from Italy (20m, IV3UTV) and Slovenia (40m, S51CK), both operators ...
1
vote
1answer
126 views
Is there any way in which elevation *does* affect medium frequency (AM radio) transmissions?
This is a followup to this question of mine. From reading the wiki article, I get that:
Radio waves at MF wavelengths propagate via ground waves and reflection from the ionosphere ( called skywaves)...
3
votes
2answers
366 views
Using approximate signal strength at a distance to estimate reception strength of a radio station
I have some historical data on radio stations, but unfortunately, the dataset only has these variables:
the power of the transmitter, in watts
the coordinates of the radio tower
Unfortunately, I ...
1
vote
1answer
111 views
How is RF Power at Receive Antenna Output Terminals Calculated?
Is the Friis equation sufficient to make this calculation? Must other considerations also be evaluated?
1
vote
2answers
145 views
True near field distance for a short monopole antenna?
Antenna properties:
Height x Diameter = 3.3 inches x 1.4 inches
Test Frequency: 900 MHz
(Wavelength = 33 cm or 13 inches)
I see some conflicting formulas to calculate the near field distance for ...
1
vote
0answers
28 views
To decide coherent time and fade duration from measured received signal spectrum and relate them to channel modeling
This question was asked in Electrical Engineering 2 days ago but hasn't received very informative responses.
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/387255/decide-coherent-time-and-fade-...
0
votes
3answers
202 views
Should Hams Using Skywaves Be Concerned About Their Groundwave Radiation?
Comments posted on various websites relating to amateur radio posit that the groundwave is unimportant for skywave paths. Is this concept correct?
4
votes
1answer
170 views
Two way ham radio to communicate between two stations
Apologies if this not the right place for this question.
I'm into electronics and now endeavouring into radios and communications.
Unfortunately I'm not sure what terms to use to find what I'm ...
0
votes
1answer
94 views
Does the E-field propagate faster that the H-field?
I need some proof that the electric (E-field) and the magnetic component (H-field) of a lightning stroke both propagate at the speed of light, and that there is not a significant delay between them.
...
1
vote
1answer
47 views
Is it correct to apply the log-distance path loss model for an in-body radio propagation?
The application is an implanted sensor and I am asked to characterize the transmission channel. I did measurements with bio-equivalent liquid and got a plot of the path loss over distance. The ...
3
votes
4answers
10k views
When will propagation on HF improve?
Will the propagation on the High Frequency bands come back up soon?? I am referring to the 3 to 30 MHz range.
7
votes
2answers
237 views
Communications : Ground wave propagation
I was studying ground wave propagation, my book writes the lines about it without explaining it. I really do not know any explanation for these queries coming in my mind. I've Googled it, and you will ...
0
votes
3answers
196 views
Can a Loop Antenna send and receive 10,000 miles away
Can we expect a Loop Antenna such as a Chameleon F-Loop Antenna transmit and receive from the USA's midwest to Australia on HF using an average 100 watt SSB transmitter and an average receiver?
If so,...
5
votes
2answers
229 views
How can Ground Penetrating Radar work?
I was reading about GPR devices recently.
Considering the operation frequency of these devices, how they can go that deep (up to 50 feet)? Normally you would only expect a Hz to KHz range signal to ...
7
votes
6answers
1k views
Can I talk 2 Meter VHF across the United States
Can I talk on 2 meters from the east coast to the west coast without using repeaters?
5
votes
2answers
312 views
How is it possible for an HF signal to go around the world when part of it must be in sunlight?
I believe most of us know about the ionosphere, and skywave propagation, but I'm kind of tripping up on the D-layer. If the ionospheric D-layer absorbs HF signals (40 meters, for example) during the ...
