I can't really help you with fixing the installation on Windows 10. As far as I know, Tytera's DFU mode is ahem nearly standards-compliant, and their drivers are unsigned. The latter might mean you have to boot windows in a special mode were signature checking for driver installation is disabled.
Anyways, there's good reasons to look into alternatives; I've only become aware of the MD-380 because of its free & open source firmwarelet / utility library that you can find at
https://github.com/travisgoodspeed/md380tools/
maintained by Travis, KK4VCZ.
What it can do is automatically download the official firmware, apply some patches to it, and then, update the device (if a compatible firmware is already loaded) or just generate a firmware image that you can load through official Tytera ways on windows (which are currently failing for you) or automatically on Linux (and OS X, I presume).
Personally, I haven't used Windows in a rather longish time – I'm not a zealot, but it just feels awkward to me to use. For me, setting up a Linux installation is trivial, but that might or might not be different for you¹. Then, following the build instructions, I can build a firmware and utils rather quickly and use the md380-dfu
utility to update the MD-380.
By the way, the process that KK4VCZ used to reverse-engineer this firmware and DFU utilities is rather interesting; you can read on it in PoC||GTFO 0x10, pp. 76.
¹ however, looking at the companies you work(ed) for that I can find using minimal stalking techniques, you might have dealt with more exotic environments that e.g. Fedora or Ubuntu