Battery University has some general information on storing batteries. Relevant points:
- Storing a Li-ion battery in a discharged state will permanently damage it
- Storing a Li-ion battery at 100% charge is less than optimal
- around 40% charge is optimal for storage
- Lower temperatures are better
- Freezing is bad
Leaving the battery connected to the radio or the charger might discharge it slowly due to leakage currents. Normally manufacturers try to minimize this, but there is always some leakage in solid-state devices. Given the cheapness of Baofeng, I doubt they put much engineering into this aspect.
Given that cold temperatures are favorable, the refrigerator would be a good place. Put in in a sealed, heavy plastic bag to buffer against moisture. To avoid problems with condensation, don't open the bag or use the battery until it's had time to come back to ambient temperature. Definitely avoid any place in the sun or that gets hot like a car.