Antennas are designed to work best with certain frequencies. The frequencies for over-the-air TV are not that same frequencies used with VHF or UHF Ham radio or weather radio. The characteristic impedance of a TV system including the receiver, transmission line and antenna was 75 ohms. For Ham radio it is 50 ohms. Due to the bad matching the Standing Wave Ratio, or SWR, will be high. SWR is one way to tell is the antenna is well matched to radio and band it is being used on.
A TV antenna will not work for other Ham HF frequencies or bands such as 20, 40 or 80 meters.
Having said all of that, connecting the antenna to a VHF / UHF Ham radio, 2 meter or 440 MHz, will probably allow it to receive some strong signals. Same for a weather radio.
I would be far more cautious about transmitting. The SWR will probably be high and this could cause damage to radio. You also would not want to transmit if there is another receiver connected to antenna such as weather radio.
Building antennas is not hard. There are many designs such as simple J pole antennas that are suitable for VHF / UHF and dipole or end fed half wave antenna for HF. You would be better off making an antenna or purchasing an inexpensive antenna. Many contacts have been make with a inexpensive mag mount antenna siting on metal cookie sheet siting on top of a book case.